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Author Topic: John2038's Research News  (Read 381101 times)

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Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #400 on: February 15, 2010, 01:39:09 pm »
NEWS - FEB 15, 2010

HIV NEWS

fda

FDA approves new tablet formulation of Norvir (ritonavir) - Heat-stable ritonavir

See FDA link.

Full Text medicalnewstoday


aegis

HIV-positive German pop star charged: prosecutors


Popular singer Nadja Benaissa charged after sex with men

German prosecutors said Friday they have charged a member of all-female pop group No Angels with causing bodily harm for failing to inform sexual partners that she was HIV positive.
Nadja Benaissa, 27, had sex on five occasions between 2000 and 2004 with three people and did not tell them she was infected, even though she had known since 1999, according to the charge sheet.

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COLORADO: New Promise for Migrants with HIV

Colorado health care providers hope that the recent lifting of a federal ban on people with HIV/AIDS from traveling to the United States will help push more infected immigrants into care. Until the change, signed into law by President Obama last fall and effective beginning in January, testing positive for HIV was also grounds for denying permanent residency status.

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CANADA: Cervarix to Guard Against HPV

A second vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) will be available to Canadians by the end of the month, pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline announced this week.
Health Canada has approved GlaxoSmithKline's Cervarix for use in girls and young women, company spokesperson Sasha Kennedy said Tuesday. It joins Merck & Co.'s HPV vaccine Gardasil, which has been on the market in Canada for several years.

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medicalnewstoday

Treatment For Herpes Could Delay HIV Disease Progression In Patients Infected With Both Herpes And HIV

An article published Online First and in an upcoming edition of The Lancet reports that recent research indicates that aciclovir, used to treat HSV2, could delay HIV-1 disease progression in patients co-infected with both conditions. In most cases, people who are infected with HIV-1 are dually infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2). The article is the work of Dr Jairam Lingappa, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, and colleagues in Africa and internationally.

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eatg

Syphilis does not worsen HIV disease progression

Concurrent infection with syphilis does not lead to accelerated HIV disease progression, even though it may be associated with temporary changes in CD4 cell count and HIV viral load, according to a study reported in the January 2010 International Journal of STD & AIDS.

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Drug makers decry Indian patent law

Multinational drug companies have pushed big-time into India in recent years after the country agreed to respect intellectual property rights for pharmaceutical produ

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Antiretroviral therapy increases fertility in HIV-positive women

HIV-positive women who are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) are twice as likely to become pregnant as those not receiving ART.

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japantimes

Cases of HIV/AIDS declined in '09

The number of people newly infected with HIV or who developed AIDS in 2009 came to 1,428, marking the first drop in seven years, the health ministry said Friday.

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uchicago

Discordance Between Cerebral Spinal Fluid and Plasma HIV Replication in Patients with Neurological Symptoms Who Are Receiving Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

Despite successful suppression of plasma viremia with antiretroviral therapy, HIV may replicate in CSF, with development of CSF HIV resistance resulting in acute or subacute neurological manifestations.

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journalofclinicalvirology

Factors predictive of successful darunavir/ritonavir-based therapy in highly antiretroviral-experienced HIV-1-infected patients (the DARWEST study)

In these highly antiretroviral–experienced patients with triple–class drug resistance, virologic success of DRV–containing regimens was mainly associated with the use of new drug classes and/or fully active drugs. Interestingly, previous tipranavir failure did not undermine the efficacy of DRV, confirming the low level of cross–resistance and, probably, distinct resistance profiles between DRV and tipranavir.

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jneuroinflammation

Cerebral FDG-PET scanning abnormalities in optimally treated HIV patients

Compared to healthy subjects, the patients with abnormal FDG–PET scanning results had a shorter history of known HIV infection, fewer years on antiretroviral therapy and higher levels of circulating TNF alpha and IL–6. A large proportion of optimally treated HIV patients exhibit cerebral FDG–PET scanning abnormalities and elevated TNF alpha and IL–6 levels, which may indicate imminent neuronal damage. The neuroprotective effect of early ARV treatment should be considered in future prospective follow–up studies.

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informaworld

US Latina age of sexual debut: long-term associations and implications for HIV and drug abuse prevention

Time in the USA and having a mother who used drugs during the participants' childhood or adolescence were significantly related to age of sexual debut. In turn, younger ages of sexual debut were associated with drug abuse and more sexual risk behaviors. Implications for HIV/AIDS and drug abuse clinical services and future research with US Latina populations are discussed.

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Prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in HIV-positive outpatients in rural Tanzania

Depression or mixed anxiety and depression was identified in 15.5 percent of subjects, with 4.5 percent suffering from other anxiety disorders. This suggests routine HIV care in sub–Saharan Africa should include assessment and treatment of mental health issues.

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asm

Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Supertypes and HIV-1 Control in African Americans

Among the genotypic supertypes, B58s and its member allele B57 contributed disproportionately to the explainable VL variation. The study demonstrated the dominant role of HLA–B supertypes in HIV–1 clade B–infected African Americans and further dissected the contributions of individual class I alleles and their population frequencies to the supertype effects.

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The Potent Anti-HIV Activity of CXCL12-gamma Correlates with Efficient CXCR4 Binding and Internalization

The B2, B3, and B23 mutants were associated with enhanced CXCR4 binding, receptor internalization, and restored chemotaxis. Internalization of CXCR4 was more potent with CXCL12 than with CXCL12 and was significantly reduced when the conserved BBXB domain was mutated. Thye authors conclude that the observed potent anti–HIV–1 activity of CXCL12 is due to increased affinity for CXCR4 and to efficient receptor internalization.

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lww

Innovation in sexually transmitted disease and HIV prevention: Internet and mobile phone delivery vehicles for global diffusion

Information and communication technology is rapidly diffusing globally. Over the next 5–10 years smart–phones will be broadly disseminated, connecting billions of people to the Internet and enabling lower cost, highly engaging, and ubiquitous STD/HIV prevention and treatment support interventions.

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sagepub

Increasing People's Knowledge about HIV/AIDS

The findings also showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the attitude of male and female subjects to HIV/AIDS and PLWHA after reading the story.

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nih

A Mathematical Model of HIV Infection: Simulating T4, T8, Macrophages, Antibody, and Virus via Specific Anti-HIV Response in the Presence of Adaptation and Tropism.

A mathematical model of the host's immune response to HIV infection is proposed. The model represents the dynamics of 13 subsets of T cells (HIV-specific and nonspecific, healthy and infected, T4 and T8 cells), infected macrophages, neutralizing antibodies, and virus. The results of simulation are in agreement with published data regarding T4 cell concentration and viral load, and exhibit the typical features of HIV infection, i.e. double viral peaks in the acute stage, sero conversion, inverted T cell ratio, establishment of set points, steady state, and decline into AIDS. This result is achieved by taking into account thymic aging, viral and infected cell stimulation of specific immune cells, background nonspecific antigens, infected cell proliferation, viral production by infected macrophages and T cells, tropism, viral, and immune adaptation. Starting from this paradigm, changes in the parameter values simulate observed differences in individual outcomes, and predict different scenarios, which can suggest new directions in therapy. In particular, large parameter changes highlight the potentially critical role of both very vigorous and extremely damped specific immune response, and of the elimination of virus release by macrophages. Finally, the time courses of virus, antibody and T cells production and removal are systematically investigated, and a comparison of T4 and T8 cell dynamics in a healthy and in a HIV infected host is offered.

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Over-expression of the HIV-1 Rev promotes death of nondividing eukaryotic ce

Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev protein is essential for completion of the viral life cycle. Rev mediates nuclear export of partially spliced and unspliced viral transcripts and therefore bears a nuclear localization signal (NLS) as well as a nuclear export signal (NES), which allow its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Attempts to express the wild-type Rev protein in eukaryotic human cultured cells have encountered difficulties and so far have failed. Here we show that accumulation of Rev, which occurs in nondividing Rev-expressing cells or when such cells reach confluency, results in death of these cells. Cell death was also promoted by addition of a cell permeable peptide bearing the Rev-NES sequence, but not by the Rev-NLS peptide. Our results probably indicate that binding of excess amounts of the Rev protein or the NES peptide to the exportin receptor CRM1 results in cells' death.

Full Text


HEALTH NEWS


telegraph

Chocolate 'can help prevent stroke'

As if people needed any more reason to eat chocolate - now scientists find a bar a week could stop you from having a stroke.

Full Text


physorg

Millions missing out on colon cancer screening

Nearly half the people who need potentially lifesaving checks for the nation's No. 2 cancer killer - colorectal cancer - miss them, despite years of public efforts to make colon screening as widespread as tests for breast and prostate can

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Bacteria-killing proteins cover blood type blind spot

A set of proteins found in our intestines can recognize and kill bacteria that have human blood type molecules on their surfaces, scientists at Emory University School of Medicine have discovered.

Full Text

Defective signaling pathway sheds light on cystic fibrosis

In a study that could lead to new therapeutic targets for patients with the cystic fibrosis, a research team from the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine has identified a defective signaling pathway that contributes to disease severity. In the study, published in the journal Nature Medicine, the researchers report that defective signaling for a protein called the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) accounts for a portion of disease symptoms in cystic fibrosis, and that correction of the defective pathway reduces symptoms of the disease in mice.

Full Text

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #401 on: February 16, 2010, 02:50:27 pm »
NEWS - FEB 16, 2010 - PART I/II

HIV NEWS


aidsmap

Detectable viral load in CSF risk associated with neurological problems in patients taking HIV treatment

Detectable viral load in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with neurological symptoms in patients receiving HIV treatment who have an undetectable viral load in their blood, French investigators report in the March 1st edition of Clinical Infectious Diseases.

Full Text

Gay men’s risk of acquiring HIV is similar to the pre-HAART era despite widespread use of HAART

Although the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy could be expected to make HIV-positive gay men less likely to pass on HIV during unprotected sex than in the early 1990s, the risk of transmission per-sexual-act is actually quite similar, Australian researchers report in AIDS.

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sciencedaily

HIV Drug Resistance Lasts About One Year in Women Treated With Nevirapine to Prevent Infant Infection, Study Suggests

A new study confirms that a single dose of nevirapine (sdNVP) can lead to HIV treatment failure in women who receive the drug to prevent transmission of the AIDS virus to their infants.

Full Text

The 'Secret Weapon' of Retroviruses That Cause Cancer

Oncogenic retroviruses are a particular family of viruses that can cause some types of cancer. Thierry Heidmann and his colleagues in the CNRS-Institut Gustave Roussy-Université Paris Sud 11 "Rétrovirus endogènes et éléments rétroïdes des eucaryotes supérieurs" Laboratory have studied these viruses. They have identified a "virulence factor" that inhibits the host immune response and allows the virus to spread throughout the body. This factor is a sequence of amino acids that is located in the envelope protein of the virus.

Full Text


hivandhepatitis

HIV Infection and Aging Independently Predict Impaired Brain Function



Functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that people with HIV showed evidence of impaired brain function compared with HIV negative individuals, according to a study published in the February 1, 2010 Journal of Infectious Diseases. Increasing age was also associated with worsening brain function overall, but HIV positive people demonstrated brain blood flow similar to that of HIV negative people 15-20 years older.

Full Text

Racial/Ethnic Disparities Persist among U.S. Children with Perinatal HIV Infection

While the rate of mother-to-child HIV transmission in the U.S. has fallen by about 90% since the widespread adoption of testing during pregnancy and zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir) prophylaxis, marked racial/ethnic disparities remain, researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported in the February 5, 2010 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. During 2004-2007, nearly 70% of perinatal infections occurred among black children -- a rate of 12.3 per 100,000 compared with only 0.5 per 100,000 among whites.

Full Text

First-line Antiretroviral Therapy for People with HIV Infection

The First-line Antiretroviral Therapy for People with HIV Infection is now available for download.

Full Text


iasociety

IAS Strategic Plan for 2010-2014

The IAS Strategic Plan for 2010-2014 is now available for download.

Download (pdf)


eatg

CROI: HIV in U.S. forgotten, not gone

The virus remains a major health threat in the U.S. with prevalences that, in some communities, rival those seen in the hardest-hit areas of Africa.

Full Text


medscape

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection and Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in HIV-Infected Patients

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients, particularly from developing countries. This article summarizes current literature on cerebral toxoplasmosis. It focuses on: Toxoplasma gondii genetic diversity and its possible relationship with disease presentation; host responses to the parasite antigens; host immunosupression in HIV and cerebral toxoplasmosis as well as different diagnostic methods; clinical and radiological features; treatment; and the direction that studies on cerebral toxoplasmosis will likely take in the future.

Full Text

HIV Outcomes in the Clinic: Now as Good as in Clinical Trials

Nearly 90% of HIV-infected patients receiving treatment in British Columbia are virologically suppressed.
During the study period, the incidence of newly detected drug resistance dropped dramatically — from 1.73 to 0.13 cases per 100 person-months of therapy. A similar trend was seen across all three major drug classes. Furthermore, the proportion of patients who achieved virologic suppression (viral load, < 50 copies/mL) increased each year — from 65% in 2000 (the first year that the assay with this lower limit of detection was available) to 87% in 2008.

Full Text


medicalnewstoday

HIV-Associated Morbidity In Adolescents

Nearly half of adolescents admitted to two public hospitals in Zimbabwe were HIV positive according to a new paper by Rashida Ferrand and colleagues which is published in this weeks PLoS Medicine. This study, which examines the causes of otherwise unselected acute hospitalization in adolescents, serves to highlight the growing crisis of HIV acquired at birth in teenagers and young adults in the developing world.

Full Text

Award Winners Take Steps Toward Better Teaching Tools, Improved DNA Analysis And Maybe Even A Lower-Cost HIV Drug

Three newly named beneficiaries of the Joshua E. Neimark Memorial Travel Assistance Endowment are investigating an unusual program to spark young children's interest in insects, an effort to fine-tune DNA analysis, and a strategy that might someday suggest a way to lower the cost of a key HIV medication.

Full Text


nature

HIV-1 sexual transmission: early events of HIV-1 infection of human cervico-vaginal tissue in an optimized ex vivo model

Productive infection of R5 HIV–1 occurred preferentially in activated CD38+CD4 T cells and was followed by a similar activation of HIV–1–uninfected CD4 T cells that may amplify viral infection. These results provide new insights into the dependence of HIV–1 infection and dissemination on the activation/differentiation of cervico–vaginal lymphocytes.

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informaworld

The benefits of using a mixed methods approach - quantitative with qualitative - to identify client satisfaction and unmet needs in an HIV healthcare centre

The study demonstrates the three advantages of using a mixed methods approach. Firstly, it increased the comprehensiveness of overall findings, by showing how qualitative data (Phase Two) provided explanations for statistical data (Phase One). Secondly, it expanded the dimensions of the research topic, as Phase Two enabled investigation of the determinants of satisfaction/dissatisfaction more broadly after assessing the client satisfaction levels in Phase One. Thirdly, it increased the methodological rigour as findings in both phases could be checked for consistency.

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uchicago

Pre-existing Minority Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Variants, Adherence, and Risk of Antiretroviral Treatment Failure

Detection of minority Y181C mutants was associated with an increased risk of virologic failure in the setting of recent treatment adherence but not in nonadherent subjects. Of note, 70% of subjects with minority Y181C variants achieved long-term viral suppression. In adherent patients, pre-existing minority Y181C mutants more than tripled the risk of virologic failure of first?line efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy.

Full Text

Low Frequency Nonnucleoside Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitor-Resistant Variants Contribute to Failure of Efavirenz-Containing Regimens in Treatment-Experienced Patients

Minor NNRTI-resistant variants were more prevalent in NNRTI-experienced patients and were associated with reduced virologic response to efavirenz–containing multidrug regimens.

Full Text


journalofclinicalvirology

High prevalence of primary Enfuvirtide resistance-associated mutations in HIV-1-infected patients in Hong Kong

The high prevalence of ENF resistance–associated mutations in HARRT–experienced and ART–naive patients identified in this study highlights the importance of mutation screening before ENF therapy in Hong Kong. The findings from the ENF–treated patient showed that G36D mutation persisted as long as 6 months after ENF withdrawal. Phenotypic assays will be necessary to confirm the influence of this mutation to ENF susceptibility.

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ingentaconnect

Body composition of HIV-positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study in Mwanza, Tanzania

Elevated serum ACT was found to be a negative predictor of BMI, AMA and AFA, partially explaining the effects of the PTB but not those of the HIV. There is need for a better understanding of the determinants and effects of loss of fat and lean body mass in HIV–positive tuberculosis.

Full Text


metapress

A Systematic Review of the Quality of Trials Evaluating Biomedical HIV Prevention Interventions Shows That Many Lack Power

Reporting of trials of biomedical HIV prevention interventions has improved over time. However, quality improvement is needed in several key areas that influence study power, including participant retention, adherence to interventions, and estimation of expected HIV incidence.

Full Text


natap

Early Immune Senescence in HIV Disease

Activation and inflammation due to persistent infection such as HIV also provide a milieu for accelerated replicative senescence of T cells that progressively accumulate during the normal course of aging.
Whether HIV alone drives immunosenescence or if there are alternative pathways that contribute to early aging in HIV-infected individuals also remains to be examined.
More than 99% of HIV-1 particles detected in the circulation are not productively infectious virions

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nih

Real Time Quantitative PCR in Cerebral Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis of Brazilian HIV-infected Patients

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is the most common cerebral mass lesion in AIDS patients in Brazil with high mortality and morbidity, despite free access to HAART. Molecular diagnosis based on conventional PCR (cnPCR) or Real-time quantitative PCR (qrtPCR) has been indispensable to definitive diagnosis. We report here the evaluation of qrtPCR in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from AIDS patients in Brazil. This prospective study was conducted for 2 years, analysing DNA samples extracted from 149 AIDS patients (98 blood and 51 CSF samples) with confirmed clinical and radiological diagnosis. The laboratory diagnosis included cnPCR (with B22/B23 primer set) and indirect immunofluorescence (IF). For qrtPCR, two primer sets were simultaneously designed from previously described genes using TaqMan MGB probe FAM dye-labeled. One was B1Tg that amplified a sequence from the B1 gene. The other was the RETg, which amplified a PCR product of the 529-bp sequence. The overall cnPCR and qrtPCR results were: Positive results were observed in 33.6% (50 patients). The sensitivities were 98% for cnPCR (B22/B23), 86% and 98% for qrtPCR (B1Tg and RETg, respectively). Negative reactions were 66.4%. The specificities were 97% for cnPCR and qrtPCR (B1Tg); and 88.8% for RETg.

Full Text

Effect of reduced immunosuppression after kidney transplant failure on risk of cancer: population based retrospective cohort study

All cases of Kaposi's sarcoma occurred during transplant function. Standardised incidence ratios were significantly elevated during transplant function, but not during dialysis after transplant failure, for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, lip cancer, and melanoma. For each of these cancers, incidence was significantly lower during dialysis after transplant failure in multivariate analysis (incidence rate ratios 0.20 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.65) for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 0.04 (0.01 to 0.31) for lip cancer, and 0.16 (0.04 to 0.64) for melanoma). In contrast, standardised incidence ratios during dialysis after transplant failure remained significantly elevated for leukaemia and lung cancer, and cancers related to end stage kidney disease (kidney, urinary tract, and thyroid cancers), with thyroid cancer incidence significantly higher during dialysis after transplant failure (incidence rate ratio 6.77 (2.64 to 17.39)). There was no significant difference in incidence by transplant function for other cancers. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of immunosuppression on cancer risk is rapidly reversible for some, but not all, cancer types. Risk reversal was mainly observed for cancers with a confirmed infectious cause. Risk of other cancers, especially those related to end stage kidney disease, remained significantly increased after reduction of immunosuppression.

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businessweek

Merck Profit Rises More Than Analysts Estimated (Update3)

Revenue from the HIV treatment Isentress increased 80 percent to $234 million. Isentress is the first in a new class of AIDS medicines that attack HIV by blocking an enzyme used to hijack healthy immune cells. Merck won U.S. approval in July to sell the drug as an initial treatment for HIV patients. It was previously marketed only to patients who had failed all other therapies.

Full Text


irin (plusnews)

SOUTH AFRICA: New treatment guidelines announced

New national treatment guidelines are set to make the world's largest antiretroviral (ARV) programme even bigger as South Africa extends treatment to more HIV-positive infants, pregnant women and people battling HIV-tuberculosis (TB) co-infection.

Full Text


Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #402 on: February 16, 2010, 02:52:49 pm »
NEWS - FEB 16, 2010 - PART II/II

HEALTH NEWS


nih

Recurrent CMV retinitis in a non-HIV patient with drug-resistant CMV.

This case demonstrates that recurrent CMVR occurs in HIV-negative patients at CD4 cell counts thought to be protective in HIV patients, and suggests that an ineffective local immune response to retinal infection combined with CMV drug resistance may have been important factors leading to recurrent disease in this patient. Treatment producing high local concentrations of GCV may be effective therapy for CMV retinitis due to GCV-resistant virus.

Full Text


independent

Study raises doubts over stem cell research

A new study has raised doubts about the creation of "ethical" all-purpose stem cells for use in research and treatments.
Embryonic stem cells have the power to develop into any of the 220 cell types that make up the different tissues of the human body, but they are mired in controversy because they must be extracted from cannibalised early-stage human embryos.

Full Text


physorg

Tobacco use linked to worse outcomes in HPV-positive head and neck cancer

Patients with head and neck cancer linked to high risk human papillomavirus, or HPV, have worse outcomes if they are current or former tobacco users, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center.

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washingtonpost

Hormone-infused nasal spray found to help people with autism

A nasal spray containing a hormone that is known to make women more maternal and men less shy apparently can help those with autism make eye contact and interact better with others, according to a provocative study released Monday.

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drugdiscoverynews

IBM Research collaborates with Australian Institutions to push boundaries of medical research

IBM announced in mid-February the establishment of a research collaboratory in Melbourne, Australia, where scientists from the Victorian Life Sciences Computation Initiative (VLSCI) at the University of Melbourne and the IBM Research Computational Biology Center at the T.J. Watson Research Center will use high performance computing—including IBM’s Blue Gene supercomputer—to study human disease.

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eurekalert

IU research team discovers TB disease mechanism and molecule to block

Indiana University School of Medicine researchers have identified a mechanism used by the tuberculosis bacterium to evade the body's immune system and have identified a compound that blocks the bacterium's ability to survive in the host, which could lead to new drugs to treat tuberculosis.
Zhong-Yin Zhang, Ph.D., Robert A. Harris Professor and chairman of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and his colleagues revealed the biochemical processes that TB bacteria employ to subvert macrophages – key infection-fighting cells – in this week's online early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. They also described a compound they have synthesized – I-A09 – that blocked the TB bacterium's activity in laboratory tests.

Full Text


medscape

U.S. Sets Grants for Health Technology, Job Training

Members of President Barack Obama's Cabinet announced nearly $1 billion in grants Friday to increase the use of health information technology, pushing a key component of Obama's healthcare overhaul and job creation plans.
The money will be used to help make healthcare information technology available to over 100,000 hospitals and primary care physicians by 2014 and train thousands of people for careers in healthcare and information technology.
Sebelius announced more than $750 million in awards for states and healthcare providers.
Solis announced more than $225 million in Department of Labor grant awards that will be used to train 15,000 people in job skills needed to support careers in healthcare, information technology and other high growth fields.

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natap

Retreatment Of Chronic Hepatitis C- Genotype 1-Infected Relapsers To Peginterferon/Ribavirin With Consensus Interferon/Ribavirin Or With Extended Duration Therapy Peginterferon/Ribavirin

pproximately half of genotype 1-infected relapsers to peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin benefited from retreatment with consensus interferon/ribavirin or with extended duration therapy peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin. However, the extended therapy arm patients experienced higher rates of treatment discontinuations relative to those of the standard duration arms. The study is ongoing.

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iol

Condoms - 'size matters'

Washington - Condoms that do not fit right could break and may reduce sexual pleasure for both partners, suggesting reasons why men and women often fail to use them, researchers reported on Monday.
The study has implications for countries trying to encourage people to use condoms to reduce the risk of Aids, other sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy, the researchers reported in the journal Sexually Transmitted Infections. They surveyed 436 men aged 18 to 67 for their study. Nearly half - 45 percent - said they had used a badly fitting condom during the previous three months. These men were more than 2 1/2 times as likely to say the condom broke or slipped when they used it. They also often reported it was irritating to wear. The men who wore poorly fitting condoms were twice as likely to say that using one reduced sexual pleasure for themselves and their partners.

Full Text

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #403 on: February 23, 2010, 04:36:58 pm »
« Last Edit: February 25, 2010, 04:20:40 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #404 on: February 23, 2010, 04:38:47 pm »
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« Last Edit: February 25, 2010, 04:19:50 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #405 on: February 23, 2010, 04:39:52 pm »
.
« Last Edit: February 25, 2010, 04:20:03 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #406 on: February 23, 2010, 04:41:04 pm »
.
« Last Edit: February 25, 2010, 04:20:13 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #407 on: February 24, 2010, 01:11:51 pm »
.
« Last Edit: February 25, 2010, 03:52:29 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #408 on: November 19, 2011, 05:38:54 am »

November 18, 2011


healthnewsdigest

Yale Researchers Discover Promising Anti-HIV Agents (JLJ494, JLJ506)
These compounds could result in new, highly effective HIV treatments that are 10 to 2000 times more potent than HIV drugs now on the market.

medscape

No HIV Disease Progression in Transplant Recipients
HIV does not progress in HIV-positive transplant recipients; But there is a much higher incidence of organ rejection, indicating a dysregulated immune system rather than an absence of immunity, investigators said.


November 17, 2011


jaids

Men Who Have Sex With Men Have a 140-Fold Higher Risk for Newly Diagnosed HIV and Syphilis Compared With Heterosexual Men in New York City
The substantial population of sex with men (MSM) in NYC is at high risk for acquisition of STIs given high rates of newly diagnosed infections and ongoing risk behaviors.

medscape

HIV Not Linked To Lung Cancer (but cigarette)
All lung cancer cases were among people who smoked only. Among HIV-positive participants, current or former smokers were more likely to have higher HIV viral loads and were more likely never to have received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Treatment considerations in painful hiv-related neuropathy
Clinicians should consider all aspects of various therapeutic options, carefully weighing the risk/benefit ratios of each potential treatment before initiating opioids for painful HIV–related neuropathy.

Enhanced levels of CCL19 in patients with advanced AIDS
The findings suggest the involvement of CCL19 in AIDS patients with advanced immunodeficiency, potentially mediating both adaptive and maladaptive responses.

asm

Plasma and Intracellular Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Tenofovir in HIV-1-Infected Patients
The model links formation of tenofovir (TFV)–DP with plasma TFV concentrations and should facilitate more informed investigations of TFV clinical pharmacology.


November 15, 2011


jaids

Longitudinal Assessment of Interleukin 7 Plasma Levels in HIV-Infected Patients in the Absence of and Under Antiretroviral Therapy
In HIV patients with low or moderate degree of immunodeficiency, CD4 counts and plasma interleukin 7 (IL–7) levels do not evolve in parallel, suggesting that other factors different from CD4 counts must be involved in the upregulation of IL–7 observed in HIV infection.

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #409 on: November 21, 2011, 01:35:10 pm »
unaids

HIV numbers hit new high as AIDS drugs save lives
Aids-related deaths are at the lowest level since their 2005 peak, down 21%, figures from UNAids suggest.
In its annual report on the pandemic, UNAIDS said the number of people dying of the disease fell to 1.8 million in 2010, down from a peak of 2.2 million in the mid-2000s.
The UNAIDS report said 34 million people around the world had HIV in 2010, up from 33.3 million in 2009.

asm

Comparison of Drug Resistance Scores for Tipranavir in Protease Inhibitor-Naïve Patients Infected with HIV-1 B and Non-B Subtypes
Current algorithms appear suboptimal for interpretation of resistance to tipranavir in non–B subtypes; increased scores might reflect algorithm bias rather than "natural resistance."

jaids

Improved Viral Suppression After Treatment Optimization in HIV-Infected Patients With Persistent Low-Level Viremia
In the group receiving optimized treatment, undetectable viral loads were achieved in 73.2% at 6 months and at 90.2% at 1 year, indicating that treatment guided by genotyping of patients with low–level viremia is effective in achieving viral suppression.

Control of Medical Comorbidities in Individuals With HIV
Suboptimal control of HIV, indicated by detectable viral load, correlates with suboptimal control of diabetes and hypertension, indicated by higher HbA1c and mean arterial pressure. Achieving control of multiple medical comorbidities and HIV simultaneously may require expansion of current adherence interventions focused primarily on antiretroviral therapy.

aidsbeacon

Foundation For AIDS Research Announces Additional $2.1 Million In Grants Towards AIDS Cure
The Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR) has announced that it will distribute an additional $2.1 million in grants and fellowships to researchers working toward a cure for HIV. AmfAR states that 60 percent of its research grants now go toward research into finding a cure for HIV.

sciencedaily

Hope for More Options in Couples Where One Partner Is HIV Positive
n sub-Saharan Africa, couples in long-term relationships where one partner is HIV-positive and the other is HIV-negative (HIV serodiscordant couples) could benefit from anti-AIDS drugs (antiretroviral therapy) given either as treatment or as a prevention measure (prophylaxis) to reduce the risk of HIV transmission. These findings, from a modelling study led by Timothy Hallett from Imperial College London and published in this week's PLoS Medicine, also show that this strategy could be cost-effective.

abc

Science to help HIV positive men conceive
Melbourne researchers have made a significant breakthrough which will see men with HIV able to conceive children through artificial insemination, without infecting their partners and babies.
« Last Edit: November 21, 2011, 01:40:30 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #410 on: November 22, 2011, 12:48:24 pm »
Nov. 22, 2011


medicalnewstoday

Researchers Surprised To Find Fatty Liver Disease Poses No Excess Risk For Death
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition associated with obesity and heart disease long thought to undermine health and longevity. But a new study by Johns Hopkins researchers suggests the condition does not affect survival.

nih

Cholesterol levels elevated in toddlers taking anti-HIV drugs
Toddlers receiving anti-HIV drugs have higher cholesterol levels, on average, than do their peers who do not have HIV, according to researchers at the National Institutes of Health and other institutions.

biomedcentral

Central Nervous System Antiretroviral Efficacy in HIV infection: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review and implications for future research
Sixteen studies, all observational, were identified using a standard citation search.
After studies with at least three limitations were excluded in the qualitative phase, six studies remained. All six found a positive effect of neuroHAART on neurocognitive function or CSF HIV suppression. Of these six studies, only two had statistical power of at least 80%.

jaids

Comparative Outcomes of Tenofovir-Based and Zidovudine-Based Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens in Lusaka, Zambia
Tenofovir (TDF) + lamivudine (XTC) + nevirapine (NVP) was associated with higher mortality when compared with zidovudine (ZDV) + 3TC + NVP but not consistently across sensitivity analyses. These findings may be explained in part by inherent limitations to the retrospective approach, including residual confounding. Further research is urgently needed to compare the effectiveness of ART regimens in use in resource–constrained settings.

Expectancy and Readiness-Based Predictors of Treatment Uptake Among the Urban Poor Living With HIV
Most demographic/background characteristics did not differ between antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiators and noninitiators, but baseline beliefs of expectancies about treatment ease, efficacy, and readiness sensitively predicted ART initiation. Treatment–related stigma/social concerns did not. Results offer direction for interventions to optimize treatment among those most in need.

jimmunol

Characterization of a Human Cervical CD4+ T Cell Subset Coexpressing Multiple Markers of HIV Susceptibility
A subset of Th17 CD4+ T cells in the cervical mucosa coexpresses multiple HIV susceptibility markers; their dramatic depletion after HIV infection suggests that these may serve as key target cells during HIV transmission.

bmj

Association between obstructive lung disease and markers of HIV infection in a high-risk cohort
In a cohort at risk for obstructive lung disease and HIV infection, high viral load but not CD4 cell count was associated with an increased prevalence of spirometry–defined obstructive lung disease. These findings suggest that higher viral load may contribute mechanistically to the increased risk of obstructive lung disease in patients with HIV infection.

thieme-connect

Musculoskeletal Infection in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Infection can involve any anatomical compartments resulting in infectious arthritis, osteomyelitis, pyomyositis, and soft tissue and skin infection. Imaging plays an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment planning for these patients. This article reviews the clinical manifestations of musculoskeletal infection together with reported causative organisms.

disease markers

A longitudinal study of the effects of ART on plasma chemokine levels in Malaysian HIV patients
Chemokines are differentially affected by antiretroviral therapy. CXCL10 and CCL5 may influence Immune Reconstitution Disease and CCL5 warrants further investigation for an effect in Sensory Neuropathy. These trends are not influenced by chemokine genotypes investigated here.

trends in immunology

Neutrophils in tuberculosis
The interaction of neutrophils with macrophages, as well as the downstream effects on T cell activity, could result in a range of outcomes from early clearance of infection to dissemination of viable bacteria together with an attenuated acquired immune response. In established disease, neutrophils accumulate in situations of high pathogen load or immunological dysfunction, and are likely to contribute to pathology. These activities may have clinical importance in terms of new treatments, targeted interventions and vaccine strategies.

lww

The study of relationship between neutropenia and infection during treatment with peginterferon a and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C
Infections during treatment with peginterferon a and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C are not associated with neutropenia. The independent factors associated with infection are age, diabetes, and cirrhosis.

The early on-treatment perihepatic lymph node response predicts sustained viral response of anti-hepatitis C virus therapy
Results confirm the high prevalence of perihepatic lymphadenopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The use of the nodal width measurement in routine ultrasound follow–up may be a simpler early predictor of sustained virologic response during standard bi–therapy.


cmi

Development and Specificities of Anti-Interferon Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Treated with Pegylated Interferon Alpha
The study emphasises the importance of evaluating NAB development in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients who become resistant to pegylated (PEG)–interferon (IFN)alpha treatment, and suggest management alternatives for patients who develop neutralizing antibodies (NAB).

oxfordjournals

Serum Hepatitis B Virus-DNA Levels Correlate With Long-term Adverse Outcomes in Spontaneous Hepatitis B e Antigen Seroconverters
Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion may not always confer favorable outcomes. Serum HBV–DNA levels =2000 IU/mL at 1 year post HBeAg seroconversion correlate with increased risk of HBeAg–negative hepatitis and hepatitis flare.

hepatology

Clinical relevance of detectable but not quantifiable hepatitis C virus RNA during boceprevir or telaprevir treatment
During boceprevir– and telaprevir–based treatment, subjects with Detectable/BLOQ hepatitis C virus(HCV) RNA had a reduced virologic response compared to subjects with Undetectable HCV RNA. Eligibility for shortened treatment duration should be based on patients achieving Undetectable HCV RNA at RGT decision timepoints.

cjasn

Effect of Dialysis Modality on Survival of Hepatitis C-Infected ESRF Patients
The survival of Hepatitis C virus (HCV)–infected end–stage renal failure (ESRF) patients is comparable between peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD).


Clinical Trials

dukehealth

Vitamin D and Calcium for Bone Health in HIV+ Individuals Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (A5280)
The purpose of A5280 is to see if taking vitamin D at higher doses along with calcium will help prevent the bone loss that is sometimes seen when people start HIV treatment.

Atorvastatin Study for HIV Infected Patients (A5275)
The main goal of this study is to see how taking atorvastatin affects inflammation biomarker blood tests in people infected with HIV that do not need to take medicine for high cholesterol.

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #411 on: November 23, 2011, 04:13:47 pm »

Nov 23, 2011


medicalnewstoday

HIV - The Importance Of A Healthy Diet
"Nutritional interventions for those living with HIV are so important to help maintain a strong and healthy body. I would strongly urge anyone who has been diagnosed with HIV to ask their treating doctor or nurse to refer them to a specialist Dietitian or to the excellent charity 'The Food Chain' if you live in London."

sfgate

Kaiser study: Cancers more likely for HIV-positive
People with HIV infections have a higher risk of developing certain cancers than those who aren't infected, and the sicker they are, the greater their risk, according to a large study of Kaiser Permanente members.
The study, results of which were published Tuesday, provides further evidence of the possible benefits of treating HIV-positive patients with antiretroviral therapy soon after they're diagnosed - while they're still symptom-free and before the virus has a chance to dramatically weaken their immune systems, HIV/AIDS experts said.

aidsbeacon

Lowering Viral Load Before Switching Treatment May Minimize Risk Of Developing Multi-Drug Resistant HIV
Results from a recent computational study indicate that when a treatment fails, intermediate steps should be taken to temporarily reduce the viral load before switching to a new regimen. Starting treatment at a lower viral load was found to significantly lower the chances of developing resistance to the new regimen.

bmj

Recombination of hepatitis B virus DNA in patients with HIV
In coinfected patients, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA recombination events are frequent during antiviral therapy, corresponding to increased positive selection pressure on the HBV quasi–species and to conservation of antiviral resistance mutations. In this population and at the individual level, recombination is a significant source of HBV genetic variability.

biomedcentral

Oral Candida albicans isolates from HIV-positive individuals have similar in vitro biofilm-forming ability and pathogenicity as invasive Candida isolates
The authors found that on silicone pads as well as in the Galleria model, biofilm formation and virulence depends on the Candida species. Importantly, for C. albicans the pathogenicity of oral Candida isolates was similar to systemic Candida isolates, suggesting that Candida isolates have similar biofilm–forming ability and virulence regardless of the infection site from which it was isolated.

jaids

European Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups and Metabolic Disorders in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
mtDNA haplogroups were associated with IR and atherogenic dyslipidemia; suggesting that mitochondrial genomics may play a significant role in metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases in HIV/hepatitis C virus–coinfected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Plasma and Intracellular Pharmacokinetics of Darunavir/Ritonavir Once Daily and Raltegravir Once and Twice Daily in HIV-Infected Individuals
No remarkable interactions between darunavir/ritonavir and raltegravir in plasma or cells were seen. Raltegravir IC concentrations are higher than previously reported; the difference being due to modified cell isolation procedures that reduced drug loss caused by washing.

e-ijd

The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
A paradoxical clinical worsening of a known condition or the appearance of a new condition after initiating antiretroviral therapy in HIV–infected patients is defined as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Because of wide variation in clinical presentation and the still increasing spectrum of symptoms and etiologies reported, diagnosis remains problematic.

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #412 on: November 24, 2011, 02:50:08 pm »
Nov 24, 2011


medicalxpress

Research finds HIV-killing compound
The ability of the synthetic compound known as “PD 404,182” to break apart the AIDS-causing virus before it can infect cells.

clinicaladvisor

Early antiretroviral therapy may reduce transmission in HIV-discordant hetersexual couples
Observational studies have previously shown that antiretroviral therapy (ART) may reduce the transmission of HIV in serodiscordant couples. A new unblinded randomized trial suggests that early initiation of ART for the infected partner may reduce transmission more effectively than delaying ART until the CD4 count has fallen.

aidsmap

Older anti-HIV drugs associated with increased risk of diabetes
New cases of diabetes in patients taking HIV therapy in France peaked between 1999 and 2000 but have since fallen sharply, investigators report in the online edition of AIDS. Treatment with older anti-HIV drugs such as indinavir (Crixivan), d4T (stavudine, Zerit) and ddI (didanosine, Videx) were associated with the development of diabetes. However, there was no evidence that this was the case for newer anti-HIV drugs.

medicalxpress

Researchers determine how antibody recognizes key sugars on HIV surface
HIV is coated in sugars that usually hide the virus from the immune system. Newly published research reveals how one broadly neutralizing HIV antibody actually uses part of the sugary cloak to help bind to the virus.

nwherald

Pneumonia vaccine available through health department
People aged 19 to 64 who smoke, have asthma or a chronic illness are considered high risk for pneumonia and its complications. The McHenry County Department of Health recommends that these people get the pneumonia vaccine before the holidays; others include those 65 and older who have never had the vaccine.  

thestar

HIV patients at the mercy of donors
The world's biggest financier in the fight against three killer diseases says it has run out of money to pay for new grant programs for the next two years — a situation likely to hit poor AIDS patients around the world. Info

telegraph

Government to lift ban on HIV doctors
Doctors, dentists and health workers with HIV could soon be allowed to practise again under Government plans.


People


cosmopolitan

George Michael is responding 'well' to pneumonia treatment
The 48-year-old singer - who was hospitalised on Monday (21.11.11) in Vienna, Austria - is being treated by medics in a private house in the Austrian capital city and is so far making good progress.

pinknews

20th anniversary of Freddie Mercury’s death
Thursday marks exactly 20 years since the death of the legendry Queen frontman Freddie Mercury.

ibtimes

'Gangsta of Love' Wrestler Andre Davis Convicted of Not Disclosing HIV Status With Partners
Former professional wrestler Andre Davis on Wednesday was convicted of 14 felonious assault counts after being accused of having sex with several women without telling them he had tested positive for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
« Last Edit: November 24, 2011, 03:00:34 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #413 on: November 24, 2011, 08:21:06 pm »
news.com.au

Rare AIDS virus strain reported in Paris
A RARE strain of AIDS virus previously found only among a few people in Cameroon has most probably spread outside the West African country, according to a case reported by The Lancet today.

Offline leatherman

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #414 on: November 25, 2011, 04:23:32 pm »
medicalxpress

Research finds HIV-killing compound
The ability of the synthetic compound known as “PD 404,182” to break apart the AIDS-causing virus before it can infect cells.
while not quite a vaccine, this could be an interesting discovery to keep an eye on. Plus it would be nice to see other research than just a "vaginal gel" for it's delivery system.
leatherman (aka Michael)

We were standing all alone
You were leaning in to speak to me
Acting like a mover shaker
Dancing to Madonna then you kissed me
And I think about it all the time
- Darren Hayes, "Chained to You"

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #415 on: November 28, 2011, 03:06:42 pm »
Nov. 28, 2011


biospace

National Institutes of Health (NIH) Discontinues Tenofovir Vaginal Gel in 'Voice' HIV Prevention Study
A large-scale clinical trial evaluating whether daily use of an antiretroviral-containing oral tablet or vaginal gel can prevent HIV infection in women is being modified because an interim review found that the gel, an investigational microbicide, was not effective among study participants.

rsmjournals

Emerging HIV-1 resistance to tipranavir and darunavir in patients with virological failure to first-generation protease inhibitors in Taiwan
The mutation scores for tipranavir (TPV/r) and darunavir (DRV/r), and the percentage of isolates with resistance to TPV or DRV, increased significantly from period 1 to period 3. The data revealed a significant increase in the levels of genotypic resistance to TPV and DRV over the past two years in patients with virological failure to first–generation protease inhibitors (PIs).

wiley

Efficacy of new antiretroviral drugs in treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent randomized controlled trials
The study confirmed the overall immunological and virological efficacy of new antiretroviral drugs in treatment–experienced patients, compared with placebo. The main predictive factor for efficacy was the number of fully active drugs. CCR5 inhibitors did not increase CD4 cell count to a greater extent than other new drugs.

asm

Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Procalcitonin-Guided Therapy in Respiratory Tract Infections
In conclusion, PCT–guided antibiotic therapy in patients with respiratory tract infections appears to reduce antibiotic use without affecting overall mortality or length of stay in the hospital.

lww

Association of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Colonization With High-Risk Sexual Behaviors in Persons Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
History of recent sexually transmitted infections, including syphilis and urethritis, was associated with Methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) carriage. These data suggest that high–risk sexual activities may play a role in MRSA transmission.

medicalxpress

Manipulating serotonin can promote healthy repair in chronic liver disease
Publishing in the leading medical journal Nature Medicine, a team led by Newcastle University academics have identified serotonin receptors which can be targeted with drugs to enhance the natural healing properties of the liver.

ingentaconnect

Clinical features and risk factors of creatine kinase elevations and myopathy associated with telbivudine
Creatine kinase (CK) elevations are common adverse reactions associated with telbivudine therapy, while myopathy is rare. Male, younger age and HBeAg negativity might be risk factors of CK elevations.


Finance


independent

HIV treatment sales boost profit at Gilead[/color]
The sales of a HIV treatment last year contributed to a sharp increase in pre-tax profits at the main Irish arm of pharma giant Gilead to $55.1m (€41.6m) after revenues topped $2.75bn, writes Gordon Deegan.

investorideas

Biotech Investor Alert for (OTC: AEMD), (Nasdaq:VRUS), (VRTX); Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Treatments
www.InvestorIdeas.com issues a biotech investor alert for Pharmasset, Inc. (Nasdaq:VRUS), Vertex Pharmaceuticals (VRTX) and Aethlon Medical, Inc. (OTCBB: AEMD), three stocks involved in the treatment of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV).

examiner

Durham NC HIV care big business
Durham NC is the leading area for HIV research and clinical trials. This has made many doctors and researchers successful in life. I do wonder if the constant search for a cure is for the benefit of the people living with the illness or the love of money which funds these projects and keeps people working.


Misc


nytimes

Obstacles Slow an Easy Way to Prevent H.I.V. in Men
Circumcision, which cuts men’s risk of infection by 60 percent or more, has been urged by health authorities since 2007. Their goal is to circumcise more than 20 million men, 80 percent of 15-to-49-year-olds, in 14 African countries, by 2015. 

southflorida

Florida tattoo industry to get cleaned up
Video

montrealgazette

HIV/AIDS is no longer a death sentence - in rich countries
Article

trust

What is life like for a child who is born HIV positive?
Sharifah Nabukenya is a citizen journalist with Key Correspondent , a global network supported by the International HIV/AIDS Alliance, which enables people from communities most affected by HIV to document the realities they and those they know face.The opinions expressed are her own.

redcross

Young people still fear stigma of HIV
As World AIDS Day (1 December) approaches, a new survey has shown one in three young people in the UK fears their parents would react negatively if told they were HIV positive.

avert

70,000 newborns get HIV a year
Despite campaigns to stop HIV transmission, more than 70,000 thousand newborn children still contract the virus from their mothers through delivery.

yahoo

HIV-positive men urge China Premier to end discrimination
Three prospective school teachers have appealed to Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao to end discrimination against people with HIV after they said they were wrongly denied teaching jobs because their employers discovered they had the virus that causes AIDS.

chinadaily

Mother-to-child HIV infection plunges in China
The rate of HIV/AIDS infection from mother-to-child in China dropped from 34.8 percent at the start of 2009 to 7.9 percent in 2010, according to a senior official with the Ministry of Health.

wlsam

West suburban cop bitten by HIV-positive man
An Oak Park police officer is OK after being bitten by an HIV-positive prisoner during post-arrest processing.


Sport (non HIV specific)


adisonline

Antioxidant Supplementation during Exercise Training: Beneficial or Detrimental
The main findings of these studies are that, in certain situations, loading the cell with high doses of antioxidants leads to a blunting of the positive effects of exercise training and interferes with important reactive oxygen species (ROS)–mediated physiological processes, such as vasodilation and insulin signalling.

bjsm

Sudden cardiac death: mandatory exclusion of athletes at risk is a step too far
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young athletes is a distressing event and it is not surprising that some physicians working with sports people are proposing that preventive action should be taken. There is a push for a system similar to that established in some countries, which involves screening and mandatory exclusion of those at risk. The authors argue that while screening can provide useful information to at–risk athletes making decisions about their future athletic careers, mandatory exclusion of athletes is paternalistic and such decisions are not rightfully within the domain of medicine.

Offline John2038

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« Reply #416 on: December 14, 2011, 04:32:09 pm »
Dynamics of cognitive change in HIV-infected individuals commencing three different initial antiretroviral regimens: a randomized, controlled study
Improvements in neurocognitive (NC) function continue over the first year after initiating antiretroviral therapy in neuro–asymptomatic HIV–infected subjects.

HIV-Specific CD4 T Cell Responses to Different Viral Proteins Have Discordant Associations with Viral Load and Clinical Outcome
At the epitope level, targeting of three distinct Gag peptides was linked to spontaneous HIV control. Inclusion of these immunogenic proteins and peptides in future HIV vaccines may act as a critical cornerstone for enhancing protective T cell responses.

Metabolic abnormalities and viral replication are associated with biomarkers of vascular dysfunction in HIV-infected children
HIV–infected children have higher levels of biomarkers of vascular dysfunction than do HIV–exposed, uninfected (HEU) children. Risk factors associated with higher biomarkers include unfavourable lipid levels and active HIV replication.

Variables associated with decreasing pain among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus: a longitudinal follow-up study
Authros found social and HIV–related variables associated with decreasing pain. Authors failed to show a positive association between analgesic use and decreasing pain.

Treatment limitations imposed by antiretroviral drug resistance mutations: implication for choices of first line regimens in resource-limited settings
The use of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)–based first–line ART regimens may limit the options for second–line treatment when the number of available drugs is limited.

Presence of CXCR4-Using HIV-1 in Patients With Recently Diagnosed Infection: Correlates and Evidence for Transmission
The results confirmed the relation between CXCR4–use at diagnosis and low baseline CD4+ T cell counts. Significantly more CXCR4–use was predicted in 01 AE infections, which may impose constraints on the use of CCR5 antagonists in certain regions of the world. Observations from the transmission cluster analysis contradict the hypothesis that R5 viruses are selected at transmission, and support the idea that R5 or X4/DM infections result from a stochastic process.

Baseline Cellular HIV DNA Load Predicts HIV DNA Decline and Residual HIV Plasma Levels During Effective Antiretroviral Therapy
Early treatment facilitated the achievement of undetectable levels of plasma viraemia and cellular HIV DNA and a better recovery of CD4 lymphocytes. HIV DNA level before and during highly active antiretroviral therapy may be used as a new tool for monitoring treatment efficacy.

Valacyclovir Suppressive Therapy Reduces Plasma and Breast Milk HIV-1 RNA Levels During Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Trial
Valacyclovir significantly decreased early breast milk and plasma HIV–1 RNA among women receiving prevention of mother–to–child transmission (PMTCT).

Chronic Hepatitis E as a cause for cryptogenic cirrhosis in HIV
Chronic hepatitis E infection (HEV) infection should be considered in HIV patients as a cause for unexplained transaminitis and cryptogenic liver cirrhosis.

Gladstone Scientists Identify Human Proteins that May Fuel HIV/AIDS Transmission
Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes have discovered new protein fragments in semen that enhance the ability of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, to infect new cells—a discovery that one day could help curb the global spread of this deadly pathogen.

Aethlon (OTCBB: AEMD) Reports HIV Breakthrough
Aethlon Hemopurifier is able to capture particles known as Nef protein exosomes, which contribute to the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Offline John2038

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« Reply #417 on: December 15, 2011, 03:52:24 pm »
Dec. 15, 2011


HIV Drug Reduces Graft-versus-Host Disease in Stem Cell Transplant Patients, Penn Study Shows
Inhibition of Lymphocyte Trafficking Using a CCR5 Antagonist – Final Results of a Phase I/II Study.

Reyataz In Review: Part 1 – Simplified Reyataz-Based Regimens May Effectively Control HIV
A review of Reyataz-related studies at a recent conference suggests that simplified two-drug regimens using Norvir-boosted Reyataz may be as effective as three-drug regimens in patients with well-controlled HIV infection.

Updated Two-Year Trial Results Indicate That Elvitegravir Is As Effective And Safe As Isentress
Updated results from a 96-week Phase 3 clinical trial continue to indicate that the investigational integrase inhibitor elvitegravir is as effective and safe as Isentress in previously treated people with HIV.

Estimated Life Expectancy For HIV-Positive Men Is Greatest When HIV Is Diagnosed Early
Results from a British study of HIV-positive men who have sex with men estimated a life expectancy of 75 years if HIV is diagnosed early, compared with 82 years for individuals without HIV. If HIV is diagnosed late, the researchers estimated life expectancy at 71.5 years.

Headaches May Plague Many With HIV/AIDS
About 27.5 percent of the 200 HIV/AIDS patients in the study suffered "chronic migraine," a rare condition in which a person has migraine symptoms (with or without other headaches) for 15 or more days a month. This condition occurs in only 2 percent of the general population.

Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba amebic encephalitis with neurotoxoplasmosis co-infection in a patient with advanced HIV infection
The patient is the first reported case of an HIV infected person with dual Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba amebic encephalitis with neurotoxoplasmosis co–infection.

A new real-time quantitative PCR for the diagnosis and monitoring of HIV-1 group O infection
The new assay, INT–O, allows both specific diagnosis of HIV–O infection and the quantification of diverse HIV–O strains. Its detection limit is equivalent to that of commercial kits. This assay is cheap and suitable for use in areas in which HIV–1 groups M and O co–circulate.

Disseminated Rhodococcus equi infection in HIV infection despite highly active antiretroviral therapy
The report highlights the importance of an effective immune recovery, despite fully suppressive HAART, along with anti–rhodococcal therapy, in order to clear rhodococcal infection.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of HIV-1 Isolates Obtained From Patients on Rilpivirine Therapy Experiencing Virologic Failure in the Phase 3 ECHO and THRIVE Studies: 48-Week Analysis
Virologic failure (VF) and treatment–emergent reverse transcriptase resistance–associated mutations (RAMs) were similar at low baseline VL but more frequent at high baseline VL in rilpivirine–treated than in efavirenz–treated patients. The frequent emergence of E138K, especially in combination with M184I, in rilpivirine VFs is a unique finding of these trials.

Intermittent iron supplementation for reducing anaemia and its associated impairments in menstruating women
Intermittent iron supplementation in menstruating women is a feasible intervention in settings where daily supplementation is likely to be unsuccessful or not possible.

More Transparency, Efficiency Needed to Improve Impact of HIV Funding in Developing Countries, RAND Study Finds
Using publicly available information, RAND researchers tracked how PEPFAR and GF allocated resources to the delivery of services in recipient countries. The authors found that 30% of PEPFAR's $4.7 billion budget in 2010, for example, went to indirect services such as health system strengthening, administration and overhead -- more than was allocated for treatment (28%).

Virco Lab launches HIV/AIDS EHR technology
Virco Lab, Inc., the U.S. affiliate of Virco BVBA, today announced the launch of AVIGA™ and AVIGA REPORTER™. AVIGA™ is a web-based electronic health record (EHR) solution with HIV/AIDS disease-specific functionality and AVIGA REPORTER™ is a web-based, data-reporting module designed specifically for the purposes of conducting HIV/AIDS research and providing reporting capabilities.

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #418 on: December 20, 2011, 03:55:56 pm »
Dec. 20, 2011


globalnews

Human testing of experimental HIV vaccine approved by FDA
Canadian researchers have received approval to begin human testing of an experimental HIV vaccine.
Official Speech on Youtube   ~   CTV Interview

prweb

San Jose Medical Marijuana Doctor 420 Cannabis Evaluations Clinic Points to Study Showing Marijuana Increases Appetite in HIV Patients
A recent medical cannabis study by the University of California, San Diego and the Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research found inhaled marijuana stimulated appetite hormones in adult HIV patients.

dddmag

Gilead Submits Truvada sNDA to FDA
Gilead Sciences Inc. announced that it has submitted a supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the approval of once-daily Truvada (emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of HIV-1 infection among uninfected adults.

aidsbeacon

FDA Approves Liquid Formulation Of Prezista
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new, liquid formulation of Prezista.  The new formulation will be available for children aged three to six years old as well as children or adults who cannot swallow Prezista pills.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Efficacy and safety of once daily elvitegravir versus twice daily raltegravir in treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 receiving a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor: randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority study
Elvitegravir used in combination with a ritonavir–boosted protease inhibitor in treatment–experienced patients has similar efficacy and safety to raltegravir. Since elvitegravir can be given once a day compared with twice a day for raltegravir, elvitegravir might improve patients' adherence.

HIV Clinical Trials

Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients with Advanced Liver Disease
The risk of lopinavir–associated hepatotoxicity in patients with very advanced liver disease is low. However, lopinavir plasma trough levels are increased, and there is a high interpatient variability.

Validity of Self-Report Measures in Assessing Antiretroviral Adherence of Newly Diagnosed, HAART-Naive, HIV Patients
The visual analogue scale (VAS), Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group (AACTG), and qualitative single–item measures correlated significantly with Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) and pharmacy data. The data support self–administration of the VAS, even in Spanish speakers.

Examination of noninferiority, safety, and tolerability of lopinavir/ritonavir and raltegravir compared with lopinavir/ritonavir and tenofovir/ emtricitabine in antiretroviral-naive subjects: the progress study, 48-week results
The HIV treatment regimen of lopi–navir/ritonavir [LPV/r] + raltegravir [RAL] resulted in noninferior efficacy and comparable safety and tolerability compared with a traditional NRTI–containing regimen through 48 weeks of treatment. These results support further evaluation of the LPV/r + RAL regimen.

Journal of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

A Randomized, Pilot Trial to Evaluate Glomerular Filtration Rate by Creatinine or Cystatin C in Naive HIV-Infected Patients After Tenofovir/Emtricitabine in Combination With Atazanavir/Ritonavir or Efavirenz
ATV/r plus tenofovir caused greater GFR decreases compared with EFV. The evaluation of eGFR by cystatin C confirmed this result, but this method seemed to be more stringent, probably precluding the possibility to detect a significant difference in the pattern of eGFR evolution between the two arms over time. More studies are needed to understand the clinical relevance of these alterations and whether cystatin C is a more appropriate method for monitoring GFR in clinical practice

AIDS and Behavior

Non-Disclosure of a Pregnant Womans HIV Status to Her Partner is Associated with Non-Optimal Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission
Factors associated with non–disclosure reflect vulnerability and its association with non optimal prevention of HIV mother–to–child transmission (PMTCT) is a cause for concern although the impact on transmission was limited in this context of universal free access to care.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Use of hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort study
Women should be counselled about potentially increased risk of HIV–1 acquisition and transmission with hormonal contraception, especially injectable methods, and about the importance of dual protection with condoms to decrease HIV–1 risk. Non–hormonal or low–dose hormonal contraceptive methods should be considered for women with or at–risk for HIV–1.

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Asthma diagnosis and airway bronchodilator response in HIV-infected patients
Asthma diagnosis and bronchodilator reversibility (BDR) are prevalent in an HIV–infected outpatient cohort, and associations with family history, obesity, allergic inflammation, prior infection, absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and increased HIV–stimulated cytokines suggest possible mechanisms of HIV–associated asthma.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

The Setpoint Study (ACTG A5217): Effect of Immediate Versus Deferred Antiretroviral Therapy on Virologic Set Point in Recently HIV-1–Infected Individuals
Progression to meeting criteria for antiretroviral initiation in the deferred treatment (DT) group occurred more frequently than anticipated, limiting the ability to evaluate virologic set point. Antiretrovirals during early HIV–1 infection modestly delayed the need for subsequent treatment.

mlive

Online petitioners condemn Great Expressions Dental for alleged harassment of HIV+ ex-employee
More than 2000 people have signed a Change.org online petition demanding the Great Expressions Dental Centers apologize and pay restitution for allegedly harassing an HIV positive former employee.

saultstar

Hiding HIV/AIDS shouldn't be a crime, doctors argue
Prosecuting HIV-positive people for not disclosing their status to their sexual partners stigmatizes those with HIV/ AIDS and those most at risk of contracting the virus and doesn't protect people from becoming infected, a respected Canadian doctor argues in an article in the Canadian Medical Association Journal.
« Last Edit: December 20, 2011, 04:51:04 pm by John2038 »

Offline John2038

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Re: John2038's Research News
« Reply #419 on: December 21, 2011, 03:41:57 pm »
Dec. 21, 2011


eurekalert

Hundreds of connections between viral and human proteins identified in UCSF-led study (work that may reveal new drug target)
In perhaps the most comprehensive survey of the inner workings of HIV, an international team of scientists led by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco has mapped every apparent physical interaction the virus makes with components of the human cells it infects—work that may reveal new ways to design future HIV/AIDS drugs.

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

Tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: evolving evidence
Topical tenofovir gel showed efficacy in African women and daily oral tenofovir disoproxyl fumarate (TDF) and FTC/TDF were efficacious in MSM, and African HIV–1 serodiscordant couples and young heterosexuals. The reasons for lack of efficacy of oral FTC/TDF and TDF in two studies in African women are being investigated. Longer–acting formulations, invtravaginal rings, and new candidate antiretrovirals are being evaluated for pre–exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

Association of depression with social support and self-esteem among HIV positives
The authors study shows a high prevalence of depression in HIV positive patients along with the importance of self–esteem.

Disability & Rehabilitation

Factors contributing to impaired self-awareness of cognitive functioning in an HIV positive and at-risk population
Overall, impaired awareness was associated with poorer test performance, suggesting a relationship between awareness and sustained complex attention and visual spatial processing. This research has implications for understanding factors contributing to poor awareness among individuals with cognitive impairment.

Infectious Diseases

From nonalcoholic fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis in HIV-infected patients: diagnosis and management
HIV–infected patients are at risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a silent disease that can progress to more severe liver injuries. An accurate screening of these patients should be considered to prevent harmful evolution.

International Journal of STD & AIDS

Malaria therapy in HIV: drug interactions between nevirapine and quinine
The case highlights the importance of knowing the potential drug interactions with ART and the importance of checking for such interactions when prescribing new medications

nasdaq

FDA Approves Merck HIV Drug Isentress For Use In Children, Teens
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration said Wednesday it has approved the use of Merck & Co.'s (MRK) HIV medication Isentress for children and adolescents.

HIV and Hepatitis

Obama Raises Domestic HIV Treatment Funding by $50 Million
President Barack Obama recognized World Aids Day on December 1 by announcing a $50 million increase in funding for HIV care and treatment in the U.S.

Math Model Suggests PrEP plus ART Would Lower HIV Drug Resistance
An appropriate combination of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) could potentially reduce the prevalence of drug-resistant HIV in resource-limited countries, but the wrong balance could increase resistance and the need for second-line therapy, according to a mathematical model described in the December 7, 2011, Nature Scientific Reports.

Two New Nucleotide HCV Polymerase Inhibitors Enter Clinical Trials
A pair of hepatitis C virus (HCV) nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitors, ALS-2200 and ALS-2158, are now entering Phase 1 human trials, according to a recent announcement.

 


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