B vitamins C and E an Raises CD4+ Count in HIV-Infected Patients on HAART

[bimazek]

Supplement Raises CD4+ Count in HIV-Infected Patients on HAART
JAID Syndr - J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2006 - medscape.com
... Based on previous research, the B vitamins and vitamins C and E, which were all ... used
in the formulation have shown beneficial effects in HIV-infected patients. ...

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/543923

because!!!!!! hiv is still in gut causing alot of oxidative stress and anti oxidents and anti inflamitories help the gut

read this...

vitamin E supplementation may interfere with the emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants archived in the resting cell reservoir and delay or limit virus rebound upon treatment interruptions.



: AIDS. 2005 May 20;19(Cool:836-7.Click here to read  Links
    In vitro suppression of latent HIV-1 activation by vitamin E: potential clinical implications.

        * Heredia A,
        * Davis C,
        * Amoroso A,
        * Taylor G,
        * Le N,
        * Bamba D,
        * Redfield RR.

    Division of Clinical Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.

    We evaluated the effect of vitamin E in controlling HIV-1 production upon activation of the patients' reservoir of resting CD4 lymphocytes in tissue culture experiments. The addition of vitamin E to patients' cultures resulted in significantly reduced levels of p24 virus production (P = 0.0015). These results suggest that vitamin E supplementation may interfere with the emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants archived in the resting cell reservoir and delay or limit virus rebound upon treatment interruptions.

also

 gut reservoir -- use growth factors and anti-inflammatory agents restor gut       on: January 15, 2007, 11:25:45 PM
"It will be important to explore the use of growth factors and anti-inflammatory agents for accelerating the restoration of gut mucosal immune system and function during HAART," Dr. Dandekar added.

"It will be important to explore the use of growth factors and anti-inflammatory agents for accelerating the restoration of gut mucosal immune system and function during HAART," Dr. Dandekar added.HIV Therapy Does Not Completely Restore Gut Immune Function

By Will Boggs, MD

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Jul 31 - Treatment of HIV infection does not appear to completely restore the immune function of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), according to a report in the August issue of the Journal of Virology.

"Evaluation of gut mucosal biopsy following a period of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may be useful in getting insights into the effect of HAART on viral suppression and immune reconstitution," Dr. Satya Dandekar from University of California, Davis, told Reuters Health.

Dr. Dandekar and colleagues evaluated the suppression of HIV replication, restoration of CD4+ T cells, HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses, and gene expression regulating pathological processes and antiviral immune responses in longitudinal peripheral blood and gut biopsy samples of patients initiating HAART.

The study included 10 patients evaluated before starting HAART and followed for 3 years after treatment began. Three patients started HAART during primary infection, while seven started therapy during chronic.

Initiation of HAART during primary HIV infection lead to a more rapid and sustained suppression of viral burden in the peripheral blood and in GALT than did initiation of HAART during chronic HIV infection, the authors report.

Restoration of gut mucosal CD4+ T cells was slow in primary and chronic HIV patients, the results indicate, and none of the patients in the chronic HIV infection group were able to restore mucosal CD4+ T cells to normal levels during HAART.

Increased levels of HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses suggested incomplete suppression of viral replication in GALT, the researchers note.

There was a distinct pattern of upregulated mucosal gene expression in patients with poor CD4+ T cell reconstitution in the early months after HAART initiation, the report indicates, suggesting that the extent of inflammation, cell activation, and apoptosis may directly influence the efficacy of viral suppression and CD4+ T cell restoration during therapy.

The findings show that incomplete suppression of viral replication and increased levels of immune activation and inflammation in gut tissue of HIV-infected patients receiving HAART predict a slow and incomplete restoration of gut mucosal immune system, Dr. Dandekar said.

Dr. Dandekar cited two main implications: the "gut will contribute to the replenishment of the viral reservoir by generating newly infected cells and by activating latently infected cells (due to local immune activation)," and "self renewal and replenishment of gut epithelium (as evidenced by gut gene expression studies using DNA microarrays) may remain impaired, and as a result, nutrient digestive and absorptive functions as well as drug metabolism related functions will not be optimal. This may also contribute to HIV-associated enteropathy."

"Initiation of therapy prior to the severe loss of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood may be helpful in better restoration and maintenance of immune system, both mucosal and peripheral, and function," Dr. Dandekar continued.

"It will be important to explore the use of growth factors and anti-inflammatory agents for accelerating the restoration of gut mucosal immune system and function during HAART," Dr. Dandekar added.



....
another thing i just thought of is the acid, the tremendous acidic-stress that the cells in the stomach and intestine have to endure to survive and that is also why they have to be replaced and possibly why meds allow the resevour to exist there, imagine all the repair so that give hiv chance to replicate, perhaps that is why the one science paper suggested hiv perople take anti inflamitory meds
.....



my understanding is that the anti retro go thru out the body in the blood stream and then into the nucleus of every cell and throw a wrench into the replicating of the virus, but 98% of virus is in gut and  is not in blood only 2% in blood, in the gut there is constant work to figure out what is good stuff and bad, good is vit. min. aminos, etc, sometimes a bug gets in, i think that the gut is like a wound or womb in the sence that it was absorb nutrients and kind of be semi permiable so that is a very very stressful situation, in otherwords to open itself up to absorbing molecules and sorting which are good, takes alot of energy and repair, imagine if you had to rub your oranges into your skin, to digest them, it would be tramatic for the skin, so the gut cells have to be replaced every three days, well, why isnt haart effective in the gut, there are some breakthrus in finding out why, mostly it is in the inflamation process of this healing and rejuvinating and recreating the cells every 3 days that takes place, the inflamation, and oxidation of this area is great compared to a bone, which just kind of sits there, so in an area of body which is contantly being re created rebuilt, there is more inflamtion, more chances for such things

do a google scholar search on "hiv gut inflammation"
also

does anyone know if vitamins help in Muscular Distrophy?  Because this brand new study found a gene that produces a protein that is important in HIV and Muscular Distrophy.

supress the activity of this and you help


       Main Forums / Research News and Studies / emerin - a potential new class of meds being studied (stops wasting?)       on: January 29, 2007, 06:54:01 PM

isnt this interesting the exact protein that hiv needs and uses and the gene that produce it,  the protein  called emerin, if blocked or knocked out stops hiv entering nucleus,  we know that hiv can damage muscle tissue...
this  exact protein that hiv needs and uses and the gene that produce it,  the protein  called emerin... is key in Musclular distrophy also... so hiv research may help solve this and this may be a way to stop wasting


 May 08, 2006
Protein Permits HIV Invasion
By David Biello
   Science Image: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
   
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS prospers by hijacking our immune system cells and forcing them to manufacture more copies of itself rather than tend to their infection-fighting duties. But in order to hijack these T cells or macrophages HIV must first penetrate their innermost walls. New research shows that HIV requires a particular protein in the envelope surrounding a macrophage's nucleus in order to slip in and reconfigure the cell's DNA.

Mario Stevenson and Jean-Marc Jacque of the University of Massachusetts first studied macrophages--literally big eaters, which consume infectious agents and other detritus in the body--because they rarely divide. Therefore, the walls of this cell could be studied without having to inhibit it from its natural processes. The scientists knocked out a protein--emerin--and unleashed HIV (seen in a schematic cross-section above) on the cells to see what would happen.In the absence of emerin, HIV found it difficult to enter its prospective host's nucleus and nearly impossible to effectively insert itself into the nuclear DNA, or chromatin.

Without such insertion, the HIV failed to replicate and thus failed to do much of its damaging work. "Our study provides evidence that [HIV DNA], on entering the nucleus, must interact with emerin to contact chromatin," the researchers write in a paper published online yesterday by Nature.
Study of pharmaceuticals or other molecules that might inhibit the ability of HIV to interact with emerin might provide a new pathway to fighting the scourge, the scientists argue. They also note that Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy results from mutations in the gene that codes for emerin. Sufferers of that disease might reveal compelling evidence of HIV-resistance.