Poppers = Cancer Tumors KS Kaposi's sarcoma 2006 2005 studies

[bimazek]

The in vivo growth rate of a subcutaneous VEGF-responsive tumor was also shown to be accelerated by inhalant nitrite exposure.  Because the development of KS is extensively linked to VEGF and its receptors, the purported link between inhalant nitrites and KS may be explained mechanistically, at least in part, through the stimulation of VEGF expression by these inhalants.

2006   isobutyl nitrite were higher  enotoxicity tests tissue-specific carcinogens; assessment of carcinogenic risk to humans.

These findings indicate that lung genotoxic carcinogens can be identified by the DNA fragmentation/Comet assay using as target lung cells. Moreover, the DNA fragmentation produced by the six test compounds in lung cells from human donors suggests that they might increase the incidence of lung tumors in humans.
The DNA-damaging potencies of isobutyl nitrite were higher in rats than in humans. Consistently with results obtained in vitro, statistically significant increases in the average frequency of DNA lesions were obtained in lungs of rats given p.o. a single dose (1/2 LD50) of the test compounds.

Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006]

Carcinogenesis 9 Carcinogenesis 9: Chemical Carcinogenesis

DNA fragmentation in rat and human lung cells exposed to six chemicals carcinogenic to the rat lung.
Giovanni Brambilla, Luigi Robbiano and Debora Baroni

University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

Evidence has been given that the standard battery of genotoxicity tests may be unable to identify tissue-specific carcinogens; certainly it does not provide information on the possible species-specificity of the test compound that should be considered in the assessment of carcinogenic risk to humans. Six chemicals, known to induce lung tumors in rats, were assayed for their ability to induce DNA fragmentation in primary cultures of rat and human lung cells and in the lung of intact rats. Significant dose-dependent increases in the frequency of DNA single-strand breaks and alkali-labile sites, as measured by the Comet assay, were obtained in primary lung cells from both rats and humans with the following subtoxic concentrations of the six test compounds: N-nitrosodimethylamine from 2.5 to 10 mM, hydrazine from 0.5 to 4 mM, cadmium sulfate and 4,4’-methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) 31.2 and 62.5 µM, isobutyl nitrite from 7.8 to 31.2 µM, and tetranitromethane from 1.9 to 15.6 µM. Interdonors differences of the minimum effective concentrations were higher in cells from humans than in cells from rats. The DNA-damaging potencies of N-nitrosodimethylamine, hydrazine and isobutyl nitrite were higher in rats than in humans, and the converse happened for the other three test compounds. Consistently with results obtained in vitro, statistically significant increases in the average frequency of DNA lesions were obtained in lungs of rats given p.o. a single dose (1/2 LD50) of the six test compounds. These findings indicate that lung genotoxic carcinogens can be identified by the DNA fragmentation/Comet assay using as target lung cells. Moreover, the DNA fragmentation produced by the six test compounds in lung cells from human donors suggests that they might increase the incidence of lung tumors in humans.

 Effects of Inhalant Nitrites on VEGF Expression: A Feasible Link to Kaposi's Sarcoma?
Journal   Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology
Publisher   Springer New York
Issue   Volume 1, Number 3 / September, 2006
Subject Collection   Biomedical and Life Sciences
SpringerLink Date

Effects of Inhalant Nitrites on VEGF Expression: A Feasible Link to Kaposi's Sarcoma?

Ho-Leung Fung1 Contact Information and Doanh C. Tran1
(1)    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-1200, USA

Published online: 9 June 2006
Abstract  Because inhalant nitrites (commonly known as poppers) were thought to be rapidly cleared from the body, the lay literature has somewhat downplayed their toxicity. However, scientific reports have documented their immunosuppressive effects in animals, and epidemiological studies have implicated their use with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in humans. Because inhalant nitrites are exogenous nitric oxide donors, we hypothesized that these substances of abuse might exert part of their toxicological effects through this biochemical product, which has been shown to alter gene regulation and angiogenesis. In a series of studies, we showed that acute and chronic in vivo exposure to isobutyl nitrite (a representative inhalant nitrite) produced significant tissue-dependent alterations in the expression of a number of cancer- and angiogenesis-related genes in mice. In particular, hepatic mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was significantly stimulated. The in vivo growth rate of a subcutaneous VEGF-responsive tumor was also shown to be accelerated by inhalant nitrite exposure. Because the development of KS is extensively linked to VEGF and its receptors, the purported link between inhalant nitrites and KS may be explained mechanistically, at least in part, through the stimulation of VEGF expression by these inhalants.

Key words  inhalant nitrite - VEGF - Kaposi's sarcoma - mice - pharmacokinetics - microarray
Presented at the meeting entitled “Mechanisms of Toxicity, Toxicokinetics and Medical Consequences of Drugs, Substances of Abuse and AIDS,” Nashville, November 4–5, 2005.


Poppers: Epidemiology and Clinical Management of Inhaled Nitrite Abuse
Author(s): Frank Romanelli, Pharm.D.1 | Kelly M. Smith, Pharm.D.2 | Alice C. Thornton, M.D.3 | Claire Pomeroy, M.D.4
doi: 10.1592/phco.24.1.69.34801
Cover date: January 2004
 
  Keywords
 poppers, inhaled nitrites, drug abuse
   Abstract text
Commonly referred to as “poppers,” inhaled nitrites have a long history of abuse. Poppers are rapid-onset, short-acting potent vasodilators that produce a rush characterized by warm sensations and feelings of dizziness. Poppers sometimes are used to facilitate anal intercourse because of their actions on the anal sphincter. Epidemiologically, the frequent use of nitrites by men who have sex with men has led some experts to implicate these chemicals in the pathogenesis of Kaposi’s sarcoma and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Controlled clinical trials to examine this potential correlation have not been conducted, and the use of nitrites simply may be a marker for other high-risk behaviors such as unprotected sex. Although regulated in the United States, many nitrite compounds and isomers are sold at various venues including bars, bookstores, and over the Internet. Adverse effects associated with these products vary from mild allergic reactions to life-threatening methemoglobinemia. The potential for drug-drug interactions and a propensity toward unsafe sex also exist. Clinicians should be familiar with the populations most likely to abuse these agents and with the clinical effects and management guidelines for acute ingestions.

poppers cancer 778 articles
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=poppers+cancer&hl=en&lr=&btnG=Search

poppers cancer 110 articles specifically for isobutyl
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=%22isobutyl+nitrite%22+cancer&btnG=Search

The poppers science is very clear, poppers cause herpes to explode, herpes causes KS, and just from the sweet guys i talk to in my support group who have had terrible KS they all used poppers alot, but above are 888 articles to show it. i do have a photo of a friend of a friend who'se entire nose is purple with KS from poppers.

Effects of Inhalant Nitrites on VEGF Expression: A Feasible Link to Kaposi's Sarcoma?
HL Fung, DC Tran - Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2006 - Springer
... Cancer Res 65:1738–1747 Soderberg LS (1994) T cell functions are impaired by
inhaled isobutyl nitrite through a T- independent mechanism. ...
Cited by 1 - Related Articles - Web Search

DNA fragmentation in rat and human lung cells exposed to six chemicals carcinogenic to the rat lung.
G Brambilla, L Robbiano, D Baroni - 2006 - aacrmeetingabstracts.org
... Baroni AACRMTG 2006:11, 1223-1223, American Association for Cancer Research, 2006. ...
methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) 31.2 and 62.5 µM, isobutyl nitrite from 7.8 ...
Cached - Web Search

Poppers: large cancer increase and immune suppression in animal tests. - group of 11 »
JS James - AIDS Treat News, 1999 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
... AIDS: A study on mice injected with cancer cells and then exposed to isobutyl nitrite
(poppers) revealed that inhalant-treated mice developed tumors more ...
Web Search

Relationship Between Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and HIV - group of 3 »
TR O'Brien, EA Engels, PS Rosenberg, JJ Goedert, … - 2002 - Am Med Assoc
... Int J Cancer. ... of iso-butyl nitrite vapor in the Ames test and some relevant chemical
properties including the reaction of isobutyl nitrite with phosphate. ...

Poppers: Epidemiology and Clinical Management of Inhaled Nitrite Abuse - group of 3 »
C Pomeroy - Pharmacotherapy, 2004 - extenza-eps.com
... led to a proliferation of the nonregulated chemicals butyl and isobutyl nitrite
in the ... in later years of the HIV epidemic found that the cancer most likely was

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[Miss Philicia]

We've gone over all of this before.  If I click your old links I'll find the same posts!  You do realize you can stick two words in an internet search engine and find anything, don't you?  In fact your first link returns a result of a Dr. DM Poppers and the Kaplan Cancer Center.

The funny thing is that if you go to an AIDS denialist site like [blocked URL] and whatisaids.com one finds the same weird science.  Can't say that bodes well for a convincing arguement.

http://www.[blocked URL].net/aids/data/iypoppers.htm
http://www.whatisaids.com/poppers.htm

source

Poppers and HIV
The long-term effects of poppers has been a matter of considerable controversy, particularly as it has been argued that their use caused AIDS and particularly Kaposi's sarcoma. However, this view is not supported by any scientific evidence and studies comparing the effects of poppers on HIV-negative and HIV-positive gay men found that only those with HIV suffered any immune damage or progressed to AIDS. However, some animal studies have shown that poppers can suppress immune responses and can have cancer causing effects. These studies have been criticised because of the relatively large amounts of nitrites given to animals. Any long-term immune damage or cancer causing effects in humans remains to be proven.

Then there's this site that can provide an equal number of links dispelling the "myth":

http://www.[blocked URL]poppersmyth.org/

My major point however is if there was truly some wild alarm needed about this issue I think I would have heard it by now from someone with a medical degree considering I've been dealing with HIV about 15 years longer than you have.

[Miss Philicia]

Sorry, forgot "denialists" sites are censored here, though I'm using them to prove a larger point:  if it's information propagated on a denialist site it's probably VERY WRONG.

Is that how you initially became overwrought with this subject?

[thunter34]

OK.  I need to ask something here:

Bimazek, are you a man or a woman?  I'm asking because I have not encountered very many women (actually none) who had any first-hand experience with poppers.  You seem to be on quite the crusade here against the evils of amyl, so I have to wonder.  Your posts have always read like that of a man to me.

I wonder this in light of the fact that you have posted numerous times in the Positive Women's Forum.

So what gives there?

Like here, for example...

http://forums.poz.com/index.php?topic=11041.0

It's actually another rehash of that "couples trying to conceive" deal you've posted on here a bunch....but without that stuff about "str8 people swimming in a sea of love" and "gay people swimming in lust where love is infinitely less important"  or whatever that bit is.

[thunter34]

Here's another, btw.

http://forums.poz.com/index.php?topic=11257.0


That same deal again.  Really attached to that study, huh?

If you're a woman, I'm suprised to find that you have that much life experience and knowledge of poppers.  Hell, there aren't even that many straight men I've known who've even known much about them.  Just a curiosity.

If you're a man, you need to knock it off with posting in the Women's Forum.  While probably not a grounds for banning, it's likely your posts will be removed from there if you are not in fact female.

[Strayboy74]

My curiousity on Bizamek's whole obsession with poppers=KS is this:

Does Bizamek use poppers?

And why the propaganda to persuade others against the evils of using them?

Cause I really think that he/she/it should just not use poppers, and leave everyone else to make their own decisions.  I mean, we are adults (cept for mouse).

Bizamek's crusade seems to me like one of those people at the sex clubs who goes around shoving their hands into someone's active fuck to chastise them if they aren't wearing rubbers.

-joseph

[Mike89406]

Well yeah if you use inhalants or any type of chemical inhalants what do expect. Also I know some may disagree with me however if you use peoppers you're only hurting yourself. The point if you do anything unatural and not healhty what do you expect when you're HIV+.

Sure I tried poppers years ago but i got bad headaches and couldnt keep an erection.

[J220]

Bizmarek's rambling post aside, the study quoted, of September '06, is intriguing. I wonder, however, what was the amount of nitrites to which the mice were exposed? I remember that there had been a study done, which had resulted in mice developing cancer (or it's animal equivalent, whatever), but it turns out that the amount of vapors used on the mice was the equivalent of several continuous hours of use for a human, nothing realistic at all.

Also, I wonder about Isobutyl Alcohol use, rather than Isobutyl Nitrite. A lot of the cheap products use the former as opposed to the latter. Is this basically the same, chemically, or is this a completely different substance, even if the psychotropic effects of both are similar? Just wondering (and looking for an excuse to break open a brown bottle lol)

[Iggy]

quoting from what you posted:

Evidence has been given that the standard battery of genotoxicity tests may be unable to identify tissue-specific carcinogens; certainly it does not provide information on the possible species-specificity of the test compound that should be considered in the assessment of carcinogenic risk to humans.

?!?   Isn't this clearly saying they can't draw a link to poppers and cancer?

we hypothesized that these substances of abuse might exert part of their toxicological effects through this biochemical product, which has been shown to alter gene regulation and angiogenesis.

  I think the area I bolded was of note to be considered in all of this....I mean isn't many substances like household cleaners and paint technically linked to studies of cancer agents....the key here is your exposure - did someone who took one snort of poppers  (or were in a room where others did) gonna get KS as you once stated, or is it just one more substance (say like atripla ) that the toxic properties of which can cause damage to your system over repeated uses?

Personally I don't like or use poppers so I'm not worried about a big popper scare to be frank, but would like to know why you repeatedly are initiating threads on this topic....particularly since your proofs are (as demonstrated) sort of contradictory.

[thunter34]

Well said, Iggy.

Yes, bimazek has a few things I wish he/she/it would explain upon return here.

[ACinKC]

I am very intrigued here.

Maybe someone had a bad experience with poppers (bimazek) or the person that exposed them to the virus used them frequently and thus we have a little projection of feelings on the issue.

Does seem VERY out of place.

[sdcabincrew74]

Let me use my poppers in peace please!  LOL.  Yes, we are all adults and can make decisions.  I also choose to smoke and fuck bareback, yes I make bad decisions.

[BT65]

I STILL say bimazel is a conspiracy theorist.

[ndrew]

Do "second hand" poppers vapors cause cancer as well?

[Miss Philicia]

probably

[FiercenBed]

this whole thing is very odd

bimazek 'attacked' me over an off the cuff comment i made about popper. I LIKE POPPERS.....there i said it....lol. if ya wanna know y send me a pm

if bimazek would put as much time in some activism it would b better spent for all of us.

[BT65]

I would like to know why bimazek is so stuck on poppers causing cancer.  My experience has been that if someone goes on a rant like that, they must be having a personal problem with it.

[DingoBoi]

clearly his rant.. it's not even an opinion, is based on psychiatric deviation and disassociation from reality.

poppers are kewl and fun... maybe burns a few brain cells, but we have plenty.

[bryonut]

I read a study that was conducted by a prominent physician while i was a hanging out with my doctor friends in a large home owned by a doctor and it stated the following:

It has long been suspected that amyl nitrate (poppers as referred to by homosexuals, aka video head cleaner, room deodorizer, pig sweat, jungle juice, FIST, etc) present the risk of carcinogenic impact to human tissue. While there is no direct correlation to KS (the gay cancer) it has been proven thru numerous studies conducted by several people, throughout lots of geographic locations around the world that the greatest risk is that of melanoma. When used in areas with direct sunlight, bare bulb lighting, near a tanning bed, etc it has shown that the light reflected from the bottle (the most common device used for delivery of amyl nitrate) increased the risk of malignant melanoma by more than 198.46 1/2 million %.  The risk more than tripled for people infected with HIV.

Encouraging better living thru the safe use of chemicals,
bry

[thunter34]

I imagine that if the bottle is covered with oily lube, the risk might be even greater.

[Miss Philicia]

Good thing I use a syringe.

[David_CA]

I always knew that BB (bare bulb) lighting was risky.  Good thing I always use a shade and practice safe(r) lighting.

D

[milker]

I boil my poppers and inhale the fumes. No prism involved.

Milker.

[thunter34]

I always knew that BB (bare bulb) lighting was risky.  Good thing I always use a shade and practice safe(r) lighting.

D

Huh huh.

David is shady.

[David_CA]

Huh huh.

David is shady.

But Tim, you don't think BBL is more intense?

D

[bryonut]

uh, i am concerned that you guys are not taking my public service announcements seriously.

bry

[Miss Philicia]

::sniffs extra deep::

[bryonut]

philly267 -- you make me cry 

[David_CA]

uh, i am concerned that you guys are not taking my public service announcements seriously.

bry

Oh, we do take them seriously.  They are rather... enlightening.   

D

[bryonut]

i love this place.